在科研学习的过程中，我们难免需要查询相关的文献资料，而想必很多小伙伴都知道SCI-HUB，此乃一大神器，它可以帮助我们搜索相关论文并下载其原文。可以说，SCI-HUB造福了众多科研人员，用起来也是“美滋滋”。
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然而，当师姐告诉我：“xx，可以帮我下载几篇文献嘛?”。乐心助人的我自当是满口答应了，心想：“这种小事就交给我叭~”
于是乎，我收到了一个excel文档，66篇论文的列表安静地趟在里面（此刻心中碎碎念：“这尼玛，是几篇嘛...”）。我粗略算了一下，复制、粘贴、下载，一套流程走下来，每篇论文少说也得30秒，66篇的话....啊，这不能忍！
很显然，一篇一篇的下载，不是我的风格所以，我决定写一个论文下载器助我前行。
一、代码分析
代码分析的详细思路跟以往依旧如此雷同，逃不过的还是：抓包分析->模拟请求->代码整合。由于一会儿kimol君还得去搬砖，今天就不详细展开了。
1. 搜索论文
通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文，并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址，代码如下：
def search_article(artName): """ 搜索论文 --------------- 输入：论文名 --------------- 输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回""，否则返回PDF链接） """ url = "https://www.sci-hub.ren/" headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0", "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate, br", "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Content-Length":"123", "Origin":"https://www.sci-hub.ren", "Connection":"keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests":"1"} data = {"sci-hub-plugin-check":"", "request":artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser") iframe = soup.find(id="pdf") if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return "" else: downUrl = iframe["src"] if "http" not in downUrl: downUrl = "https:"+downUrl return downUrl2. 下载论文
得到了论文的链接地址之后，只需要通过requests发送一个请求，即可将其下载：
def download_article(downUrl): """ 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入：论文链接 ---------------------- 输出：PDF文件二进制 """ headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0", "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate, br", "Connection":"keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests":"1"} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content二、完整代码
将上述两个函数整合之后，我的完整代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021@author: kimol_love"""import osimport timeimport requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup def search_article(artName): """ 搜索论文 --------------- 输入：论文名 --------------- 输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回""，否则返回PDF链接） """ url = "https://www.sci-hub.ren/" headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0", "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate, br", "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Content-Length":"123", "Origin":"https://www.sci-hub.ren", "Connection":"keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests":"1"} data = {"sci-hub-plugin-check":"", "request":artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser") iframe = soup.find(id="pdf") if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return "" else: downUrl = iframe["src"] if "http" not in downUrl: downUrl = "https:"+downUrl return downUrl def download_article(downUrl): """ 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入：论文链接 ---------------------- 输出：PDF文件二进制 """ headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0", "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2", "Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate, br", "Connection":"keep-alive", "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests":"1"} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content def welcome(): """ 欢迎界面 """ os.system("cls") title = """ _____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ ____ / ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \ | (___ | | | |______| |__| | | | | |_) | \___ \| | | |______| __ | | | | _ < ____) | |____ _| |_ | | | | |__| | |_) | |_____/ \_____|_____| |_| |_|\____/|____/ """ print(title) if __name__ == "__main__": while True: welcome() request = input("请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题：") print("搜索中...") downUrl = search_article(request) if downUrl == "": print("未找到相关论文，请重新搜索！") else: print("论文链接：%s"%downUrl) print("下载中...") pdf = download_article(downUrl) with open("%s.pdf"%request, "wb") as f: f.write(pdf) print("---下载完成---") time.sleep(0.8)不出所料，代码一跑，我便轻松完成了师姐交给我的任务，不香嘛？
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关键词： python论文下载器 python
